Constricted pupils migraine12/17/2023 The only way to treat an overdose is with naloxone, a medication that binds with opioids and prevents them from having any effect on the body.Īntipsychotics can also cause dilation of the pupil. This is a symptom of an opioid overdose, a medical emergency. Pupils who do not respond to changes in illumination are known as pinpoint pupils. The following are examples of often abused medications that dilate the pupils: Opioids, which include oxycodone, heroin, and fentanyl, are widely abused medicines that cause pupils to constrict (miosis). What kinds of drugs cause the pupils to constrict? This is usually not a problem unless a person needs special glasses for their eyes. Xanthines also work by relaxing the muscle surrounding the eye, which allows more blood into the area and increases pressure inside the vessel, thus causing the pupil to dilate.Īntihistamines are used to treat allergies, but they can also cause dilation of the pupil. Caffeine causes constriction of the pupil, which is why people who take this drug regularly should avoid driving or operating machinery after drinking anything other than water or unsweetened tea. Xanthines are a group of drugs that include caffeine. Blockers of the hormone oxytocin have been used in labor units to reduce the need for pain medication because they also cause dilation of the pupil. This effect is usually not noticeable at therapeutic doses, but it can be seen with higher doses or if a person takes them for a long period of time. Psychotropic medications, such as antidepressants and antipsychotics, can also cause constriction of the pupil. Lower doses can cause constriction gradually over time. One of the signs of overdose at high dosages is pinpoint pupils that do not react to changes in light. Narcotic substances, both legal and illegal, such as heroin, hydrocodone, morphine, and fentanyl, constrict the pupils.
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